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Natural rubber, in its milky sap, is tapped from the Hevea Brasiliensis tree. Most of the latex is either processed into sheets or solid crumb rubber. It can also be kept in its liquid form through use of chemicals to prevent the latex from coagulation.
In the solid form, the rubber sheets or crumbs are used in the manufacture of solid rubber based products, e.g. tyres etc., while the liquid form is used for dipping products such as gloves, balloons and condoms.
STANDARD MALAYSIA RUBBER
STANDARD THAILAND RUBBER
STANDARD INDONESIA RUBBER
STANDARD VIETNAM RUBBER
Rubber grading under TSR was established in the early 1970s. The rubber is graded by its dirt, ash, nitrogen content, volatile matter content and plasticity retention index. They have good processing characteristics and physical properties. Usually, such grades of rubber are high in green strength, tack, easy to mix and has low viscosity.
Common sources of TSR include Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, India etc. However quite recently the African and South American rubbers are gaining popularity. Most Asian countries have a nomenclature of labelling their standard rubbers with the country of their origin viz. Standard Malaysia Rubber as SMR, Standard Indonesia Rubber as SIR, Standard Thailand Rubber as STR and Standard Vietnam Rubber as SVR. These are used in high performance passenger tyres, motorcycle and bicycle tyres, heavy load truck tyres, conveyor belt, inner tubes and hose.
The typical standard specifications of most common TSR grades are:
TSR 5 | TSR 10 | TSR 20 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parameter | Unit | SIR 5 | SMR 5 | STR 5 | SVR 5 | SIR 10 | SMR 10 | STR 10 | SVR 10 | SIR 20 | SMR 20 | STR 20 | SVR 20 |
Dirt (max) | % wt | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.1 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.2 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
Ash (max) | % wt | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 |
Nitrogen (max) | % wt | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Volatile Matter (max) | % wt | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Po (min) | 30 | 30 | NA | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | |
PRI index (min) | 70 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 40 | 40 | 40 |